新央企首季报！转型期的长安汽车遭遇盈利压力

Core Viewpoint - Changan Automobile, recently established as a new central enterprise, reported a mixed performance in its third-quarter results, highlighting both growth and pressure in its operations. Revenue and Sales Growth - In Q3, Changan achieved operating revenue of 42.236 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 23.36%; cumulative revenue for the first three quarters reached 114.927 billion yuan, up 3.58% year-on-year [1][5] - The revenue growth was primarily driven by sales, with total sales of 2.0661 million vehicles in the first three quarters, of which over 30% came from new energy vehicles (NEVs), totaling 724,000 units; September alone saw NEV sales surpassing 100,000 units, marking an 87% year-on-year increase [1][3] - By brand, Avita, as a high-end brand, recorded cumulative sales of 90,700 units in the first nine months, while Deep Blue focused on the mid-range market with sales of 232,300 units; Changan Qiyuan delivered 41,000 units in September, exceeding 200,000 units in total for the first three quarters [1] International Market Expansion - Changan's overseas market also became a significant growth driver, with exports reaching 60,000 units in September and a total of 465,000 units in the first three quarters; Southeast Asia and the Middle East markets saw growth rates exceeding 50% [3] - The new energy factory in Rayong, Thailand, commenced production in Q3, with the first localized model, Deep Blue S05, achieving mass delivery, and an expected annual capacity of 150,000 units to further support overseas sales growth [3] Profitability Challenges - Despite the increase in sales and revenue, Changan's profitability did not improve, with a net profit attributable to shareholders of 764 million yuan in Q3, a slight year-on-year increase of 2.13% but a significant quarter-on-quarter decline of 18.6% [5][6] - For the first three quarters, the net profit attributable to shareholders was 3.055 billion yuan, down 14.66% year-on-year, contrasting with a 20.08% increase in the net profit after excluding non-recurring gains and losses [5][6] - The decline in profitability was attributed to a reduction in non-recurring gains, which fell by 45.39% year-on-year, primarily due to a decrease in government subsidies from 1.564 billion yuan in the same period last year to 508 million yuan, a drop of 67.52% [5][6] Cash Flow and Liquidity Issues - Changan's cash flow situation raised concerns, with a net cash flow from operating activities of only 1.555 billion yuan, a significant year-on-year decline of 64.6%; investment activities showed a net cash flow of -7.859 billion yuan, reversing from a positive figure last year [9] - The cash reserves decreased by 8.863 billion yuan, from 63.27 billion yuan at the end of last year to 54.41 billion yuan, compared to a net increase of 5.122 billion yuan in the same period last year [9] - To alleviate supplier financial pressure and ensure supply chain stability, the company shortened payment terms, resulting in a decrease in accounts payable from 43.836 billion yuan to 27.054 billion yuan, a decline of 38.28% [9] Strategic Transformation and Future Outlook - This quarterly report marks Changan's first as a central enterprise, with accelerated transformation efforts, particularly in core technology development, including the completion of solid-state battery prototype verification with an energy density of 400 Wh/kg, expected to be mass-produced by 2026 [10] - The company launched the "Tianshu Intelligent" brand, introducing an intelligent cockpit system based on the Orin-X chip, and established a European R&D center focusing on local adaptation of new energy vehicles [10] - However, the high costs associated with transformation have led to a dilemma between short-term profitability and long-term strategic positioning, prompting analysts to lower the 2025 net profit forecast for Changan to 4.4 billion yuan from the previous estimate of 4.8 billion yuan [12]