3 6 Ke·2025-10-31 02:48Core Viewpoint - Shenzhen has emerged as China's "first city" for specialized and innovative small and medium enterprises (SMEs), with a significant increase in the number of national-level "specialized, refined, distinctive, and innovative" enterprises, surpassing other major cities like Beijing and Shanghai [2][15]. Group 1: Historical Development - In 1987, the issuance of the "18th Document" by Shenzhen encouraged the establishment of private technology enterprises, marking a pivotal moment for innovation in the region [5][9]. - The first year after the "18th Document" led to the creation of over 70 private technology companies, including Huawei [8]. - By 2000, Shenzhen shifted focus towards independent innovation, supporting leading tech companies with R&D funding, which laid the groundwork for companies like Huawei and BYD to challenge traditional markets [10][11]. Group 2: Current Achievements - As of 2023, Shenzhen has 1,025 national-level specialized and innovative SMEs, achieving the highest number of new entries in the country for two consecutive years [15][37]. - The average R&D intensity of Shenzhen's "small giant" enterprises is 7.63%, with an annual R&D expenditure of 33.39 million yuan, surpassing the national average [21][37]. - Shenzhen's "small giant" enterprises have an average of 152 patent applications, significantly higher than the national average of 1.7 per company [21]. Group 3: Innovation Ecosystem - Shenzhen's innovation is primarily driven by market demand rather than academic institutions, with companies innovating based on user feedback and market needs [16][18]. - The local government plays a supportive role by creating an environment conducive to innovation, rather than directly controlling it [24][25]. - Shenzhen has established itself as a testing ground for new technologies, such as drones and electric vehicles, with significant government support for infrastructure development [30][31]. Group 4: Future Outlook - The city aims to continue its trajectory of growth in specialized and innovative SMEs, with a target of reaching 600 national-level "small giant" enterprises by 2025, which has already been exceeded [15][37]. - The supportive policies and investment strategies employed by Shenzhen's government are expected to further enhance the survival and growth rates of innovative enterprises [32][36].