以协同金融新策 护航核心技术攻坚

Core Insights - The main goal of the "14th Five-Year Plan" is to significantly enhance the level of "self-reliance and strength in technology," focusing on rapid breakthroughs in key core technologies and increasing the number of leading fields [1][2] - Despite continuous growth in R&D investment, China's basic research proportion remains lower than that of developed countries, highlighting the need for original innovation and tackling key core technology challenges [1][2] - The financing difficulties faced by original innovation and key core technology projects are becoming increasingly prominent, necessitating the establishment of a suitable technology finance support system during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period [1][2] R&D Investment Trends - From 2016 to 2022, global R&D expenditure as a percentage of GDP increased by 0.51 percentage points for the world, 0.45 for China, 0.75 for the U.S., and 1.22 for South Korea, indicating a significant upward trend [2] - China's global innovation index ranking improved from 34th in 2012 to 11th in 2024, making it the only middle-income economy in the top 30 [2] Challenges in Financing - Original innovation projects typically exhibit high risk, high investment, and long cycles, which conflict with traditional financial institutions' preference for stability and short-term returns [3] - Financial institutions face challenges in assessing the value of technology due to the unique nature of original innovation and key core technology paths, making traditional risk assessment models inadequate [4][5] - There is a structural contradiction in the funding supply, with government-guided funds favoring later-stage projects, resulting in low investment rates for early-stage projects [3][5] Proposed Solutions - Experts suggest constructing a multi-layered, full-cycle technology finance support system to address the complex financing challenges [5][6] - Recommendations include improving the supply of innovative financing tools, enhancing the knowledge property pledge financing mechanism, and expanding pilot programs for "investment-loan linkage" [5][6] - Financial institutions are encouraged to develop differentiated products such as R&D loans and talent loans, and to strengthen data sharing between government, banks, and enterprises [6][7]