从粒粒良种，到仓廪充盈（“十四五”，我们见证这些硬核突破⑦）

Core Insights - The article highlights China's significant advancements in agricultural seed breeding during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, focusing on the development of high-yield and disease-resistant crop varieties, which have led to increased food security and market competitiveness [6][7][10]. Group 1: Crop Breeding Innovations - China has implemented a seed industry revitalization action plan, resulting in over 95% of crop varieties being independently bred, including high-yield rice, drought-resistant wheat, and high-oil soybeans [6][7]. - In Sichuan Province, the introduction of high-yield rice varieties has led to a combined yield of over 1300 kg per mu (approximately 0.067 hectares), showcasing the effectiveness of new breeding techniques [7][8]. - The development of disease-resistant wheat varieties, such as "Yangmai 53," has resulted in a yield increase of 10.13% compared to traditional varieties, marking a significant achievement in wheat breeding [8][9]. Group 2: Livestock and Aquaculture Breeding - The successful breeding of domestic white-feather broilers, which previously relied entirely on imports, has now achieved a market share exceeding 25%, ensuring a stable supply of poultry [10][11]. - The introduction of the Huaxi cattle breed has broken the dependency on imported beef cattle, with a market share surpassing 20% and an average daily weight gain of 1.36 kg [11]. - The development of 12 new varieties of South American white shrimp has led to a market share of over 30%, significantly reducing the reliance on imported shrimp [11]. Group 3: Genetic Resource Survey - A comprehensive national agricultural germplasm resource survey has been conducted, collecting 139,000 new germplasm resources, which are crucial for breeding high-quality crop varieties [13][14]. - The survey has identified and protected traditional local varieties and wild relatives, enhancing the genetic diversity available for future breeding efforts [14]. - Over 6000 germplasm resources have already been applied in breeding innovation and industrial development, supporting the goal of enhancing China's seed industry [14].