应对气候变化，提升适应能力迫在眉睫

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese government has set a target for 2035 to establish a climate-adaptive society, emphasizing the importance of adapting to climate change as a key component of its strategy to address climate challenges [1][3]. Summary by Sections Importance of Climate Adaptation - The urgency of adapting to climate change has significantly increased, with the Chinese government recognizing it as a critical task since the 2007 national plan, which highlighted the need for both mitigation and adaptation [2]. - Previous national contributions have included proactive adaptation measures, and various strategies and guidelines have been developed to support climate adaptation efforts [2]. Goals and Strategies - The "National Climate Change Adaptation Strategy 2035" aims for significant progress by 2030 and the establishment of a climate-adaptive society by 2035 [3]. - Recent government documents reiterate the importance of enhancing climate adaptation capabilities as part of the broader goal of building a beautiful China [3]. Current Challenges - There are notable gaps in understanding the importance and necessity of climate adaptation, including insufficient localized research on climate impacts and risks [3][4]. - The focus on mitigation over adaptation remains prevalent, with a lack of awareness and education on the importance of adaptation strategies [3]. Policy and Action Gaps - The current policies and actions for climate adaptation are not sufficiently aligned with the increasing risks and impacts of climate change [4]. - The development of a comprehensive policy framework for climate adaptation is still in its early stages, with many regions lacking adequate policies and actions [4]. Recommendations for Improvement - The "14th Five-Year Plan" period is seen as a crucial time for advancing the climate-adaptive society, with recommendations to prioritize adaptation alongside mitigation [5]. - A systematic governance framework for climate adaptation should be established, focusing on key areas and populations to enhance resilience [5]. Organizational Structure - Strengthening the national coordination of climate adaptation efforts and developing a robust organizational framework is essential for effective implementation [6][7]. - Local governments should enhance their capacity to address climate adaptation, fostering a network of support institutions and trained professionals [7]. Risk Identification and Public Awareness - Accurate identification and communication of climate risks are fundamental for effective adaptation actions [7]. - Enhancing public awareness and understanding of climate change risks through education and media engagement is crucial [7]. Regional Adaptation Actions - Different regions should explore tailored adaptation strategies based on their unique risks and development stages [8]. - Coastal areas should focus on risks from sea-level rise and storms, while urban areas need to address heatwaves and flooding [8]. Resource Mobilization - There is a need to develop standards and evaluation systems for climate adaptation projects to attract more investment [9]. - Encouraging public and organizational participation in climate adaptation initiatives is vital for building a collaborative approach [9].