日本送上稀土分离技术，美国欲打造美日澳稀土供应链，是否能够成功？

Core Viewpoint - The United States aims to establish a rare earth supply chain with Japan and Australia to reduce dependence on Chinese rare earth resources [2][12]. Group 1: Supply Chain Collaboration - The collaboration involves the U.S. enticing Japan to provide rare earth separation and magnet manufacturing technology at double the price of Chinese exports [2]. - Australia will supply the raw materials, while the U.S. will provide funding and market access [2]. Group 2: Importance of Rare Earth Resources - China is the largest producer of rare earth resources, holding the largest known reserves globally [3]. - The significance of rare earth resources is underscored by China's previous restrictions on rare earth exports, prompting Western nations to seek alternatives [4]. Group 3: Technical Capabilities - The most critical aspect of rare earth production is separation technology, where China achieves a purity level of 99.9999% (6N grade) [7][10]. - Other countries can only reach a maximum purity of 99.99% (4N grade), which is insufficient for high-tech applications like semiconductors [8][10]. Group 4: Challenges Ahead - Even if the U.S. and its allies overcome technical challenges, they will face significant funding issues related to building production lines and refining facilities [13][14]. - The reliance on Chinese equipment for rare earth production poses a significant barrier to achieving a "de-China" rare earth supply chain [15][16]. Group 5: Strategic Implications - The U.S. strategy appears to be more focused on countering China rather than fostering competitive industrial capabilities, which may lead to self-defeating outcomes [17].