他秘密提出“雅典娜计划”：彻底重组NASA，和中国竞争

Core Viewpoint - The competition for the NASA Administrator position is intensifying, with Jared Isaacman proposing significant reforms to enhance U.S. competitiveness in space against China, while current acting Administrator Sean Duffy also seeks to be confirmed [1][5]. Group 1: Proposed Reforms by Jared Isaacman - Isaacman aims to restructure NASA through his "Athena Plan," focusing on maintaining U.S. leadership in space, unlocking orbital economies, and accelerating transformative discoveries [1][3]. - He suggests outsourcing certain NASA tasks to private companies and proposes a "science as a service" model, where NASA would purchase scientific data from commercial entities instead of building its own satellite network [3][4]. - Isaacman recommends halting funding for climate science missions, allowing the academic community to determine research directions independently [3][4]. Group 2: Specific Changes Suggested - In relation to the Artemis program, Isaacman believes NASA should stop developing the Space Launch System (SLS) rocket and cancel plans for the Gateway space station in lunar orbit [3][4]. - He questions the cost-effectiveness of contracts at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) and suggests a review of the agency's performance metrics [3][4]. - The "Athena Plan" proposes consolidating NASA's operational control into the Johnson Space Center in Texas and streamlining the agency's headquarters [4][5]. Group 3: Industry Reactions and Challenges - Some NASA experts argue that the agency requires comprehensive reforms to effectively operate in the new space era and enhance U.S.-China space competition capabilities [5]. - Critics assert that Isaacman's approach treats NASA like a business rather than a government agency, misunderstanding the nature of scientific funding [5]. - There are concerns that many of Isaacman's proposals would require Congressional approval, which could hinder their implementation [5][6]. Group 4: Current Context and Implications - The ongoing internal turmoil at NASA is seen as a potential threat to the U.S. goal of landing astronauts on the Moon by 2027, especially with the looming competition from China [8]. - The outcome of the leadership battle between Isaacman and Duffy may not resolve the challenges facing NASA, regardless of who ultimately leads the agency [8].