如何拓展水生态产品价值实现路径？

Core Viewpoint - The report emphasizes the importance of establishing and implementing the concept that "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets," focusing on expanding the value realization channels for ecological products in a sustainable manner [1] Group 1: Ecological Product Value Realization - The average annual precipitation in China has generally increased since the 1960s, presenting a rare opportunity for the development of water ecological products, while facing challenges such as measurement, collateral, transaction, and monetization difficulties [1] - It is essential to innovate institutional mechanisms to broaden sustainable pathways for realizing the value of water ecological products, promoting the ecologicalization of the water ecological product industry and the industrialization of ecological products [1] Group 2: Watershed Management - Maintaining high-quality water resources is a prerequisite for realizing the value of water ecological products, necessitating strict ecological protection and regulatory systems [1] - A differentiated management system should be established, with targeted and precise measures for prevention, protection, supervision, and comprehensive governance of watersheds [1] Group 3: Asset Assessment and Trading - A comprehensive assessment of the water ecological products within a jurisdiction is necessary, categorizing and estimating their value based on characteristics, scale, and benefits [2] - The establishment of a dynamic list of water ecological products will support development by detailing indicators such as project watershed, function, characteristics, and value [2] - Third-party institutions should be commissioned to conduct value assessments of water ecological products, ensuring fair and transparent trading processes [3] Group 4: Legal Rights and Compliance - The exploration of land use rights to support the transfer and registration of water use rights is crucial for ensuring compliance in project operations [4] - Social capital investment in the development of water ecological products should be legally recognized, ensuring rational use and effective management of water resources [4] Group 5: Benefit Distribution - The distribution of benefits from the realization of water ecological product values should follow the principle of "who invests, who benefits; who owns, who benefits; who operates, who benefits," enhancing the sense of gain among all participants [5] - The revenue from the realization of water ecological products can be composed of storage transaction revenue and development re-transaction revenue, with a focus on benefiting local communities [5]