三季报观察|上市银行哪家强？齐鲁银行净利增16.14% ，常熟银行净息差2.57%保持领先

Core Insights - The overall performance of A-share listed banks in the first three quarters of 2025 reflects a stable total, improved structure, and significant differentiation amid a gradually recovering macroeconomic environment [2] - Revenue growth remains robust, with over 60% of listed banks achieving year-on-year revenue increases, driven by optimized asset structures and a focus on non-interest income [3] - The net interest margin (NIM), a key driver of profitability, is under pressure, posing challenges to the banking industry's profit model [2][9] Revenue Growth Resilience - More than 60% of A-share listed banks reported positive year-on-year revenue growth in the first three quarters of 2025, indicating effective support for the real economy [3] - The growth dynamics vary significantly among banks of different sizes, highlighting structural differentiation in revenue generation [3] Financial Performance of Major Banks - Major state-owned banks maintain a leading position in revenue, with Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (ICBC) reporting revenue of 640 billion yuan, a 2.17% increase, and net profit of 271.88 billion yuan, a 0.52% increase [5] - Agricultural Bank of China and China Bank also showed revenue growth above 1.5%, contributing to the stability of industry income [7] - Some joint-stock banks and regional banks, such as Minsheng Bank and Jiangsu Bank, demonstrated stronger growth, with revenue increases of 6.74% and 7.83%, respectively, indicating successful differentiation strategies [7] Profitability and Net Interest Margin - Despite revenue growth, some banks experienced lower net profit growth compared to revenue, indicating challenges in converting revenue growth into profit due to narrowing net interest margins [8] - State-owned banks showed stable net profit growth, reflecting strong risk resilience, with net profit growth rates remaining relatively close to revenue growth [8] - Smaller banks like Hangzhou Bank and Jiangsu Bank exhibited significant net profit growth, attributed to effective management and targeted customer strategies [8] Challenges in Net Interest Margin - The net interest margin for listed banks has generally declined, primarily due to factors such as lower loan market quotation rates and adjustments in existing mortgage rates [9] - State-owned banks experienced a decline of approximately 15 basis points in net interest margins, while Postal Savings Bank faced a larger drop of 21 basis points [12] - Some banks, like Minsheng Bank, managed to slightly increase their net interest margin, showcasing resilience in their business structure [12] Industry Outlook - The financial reports of listed banks in the first three quarters of 2025 depict an industry navigating pressures while growing through differentiation [13] - The stable revenue growth validates the banking sector's resilience in supporting the real economy, while the overall narrowing of net interest margins is a challenge that banks must address [13] - The ongoing macroeconomic policy effects are expected to gradually improve the banking environment, but differentiation among institutions is likely to persist [13]