美国关键矿产清单重磅扩员：铜、银等矿产入选，总量增至60项

Core Points - The U.S. has added copper and silver to its list of critical minerals essential for the economy and national security, expanding the list to 60 minerals from 50 in 2022 [1] - The updated list includes other notable minerals such as uranium, metallurgical coal, potash, rhenium, silicon, and lead [1] - The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) developed an economic model to assess the potential impacts of disruptions in mineral trade, covering 84 minerals and over 1,200 scenarios [1] Group 1: Copper - Copper is recognized for its strategic importance due to its extensive applications in transportation, defense, and power network construction, especially with rising electricity demand from data centers and AI [3] - The U.S. imports nearly half of its copper consumption, primarily from Chile, Peru, and Canada, while most global copper refining capacity is concentrated in China [3] - The resource sector has been advocating for the inclusion of copper in the critical minerals list to secure federal funding and streamline government approval processes [3] Group 2: Silver - The inclusion of silver has raised concerns among precious metal traders and manufacturers reliant on the material, as the U.S. heavily depends on imports to meet domestic silver demand [4] - Any tariffs on silver could severely impact the metal market, given its widespread industrial applications in electronics, solar panels, and medical devices [4] - The USGS indicated that silver was added to address potential supply disruptions from Mexico, categorizing critical minerals by risk levels for the first time [4]