哈萨克钨矿被美抢先，中美供应链较劲升级，中亚矿脉成新角力场

Core Insights - The article discusses the strategic importance of tungsten in military applications, highlighting that 80% of the world's tungsten is produced in China, which raises concerns for the U.S. regarding supply chain vulnerabilities [1][6]. Group 1: U.S. Strategic Moves - The U.S. is actively seeking alternative sources of tungsten outside of China, with a focus on Central Asia, particularly Kazakhstan, where a significant mining cooperation agreement has been signed [2][4]. - Cove Capital, a U.S. company, has acquired a 70% stake in a major tungsten mine in Kazakhstan, indicating a competitive move against Chinese interests [4]. - The U.S. aims to establish a new critical mineral supply chain, with Kazakhstan's tungsten mine being a key component in this strategy [6][9]. Group 2: Kazakhstan's Position - Kazakhstan is caught between major powers, balancing its economic ties with China, which accounts for 40% of its trade, and the emerging relationship with the U.S. [4][8]. - The country is under pressure to navigate its alliances carefully, especially in light of geopolitical tensions exemplified by the situation in Ukraine [4][8]. Group 3: Challenges and Considerations - The development costs of the Kazakhstan tungsten mine are estimated to be two to three times higher than those in China, raising questions about the economic viability for U.S. companies [11]. - Local environmental concerns are emerging, with protests anticipated against the mining operations, which could complicate the development process [11]. - The timeline for the mine to start producing tungsten is projected to take several years, creating uncertainty regarding U.S. policy continuity and investment [11][13]. Group 4: Future Implications - The article suggests that the competition for critical minerals like tungsten will intensify, with potential legislative moves in the U.S. to militarize critical mineral resources [13]. - China's advanced tungsten recycling technology and industry advantages are expected to mitigate short-term supply shortages, but the geopolitical landscape remains volatile [13].