COP30开启“贝伦时间”：气候谈判从制定规则转向兑现承诺

Core Points - The COP30 conference, taking place from November 10 to 21 in Belem, Brazil, marks a significant moment for global climate negotiations, coinciding with the 10th anniversary of the Paris Agreement and focusing on delivering results rather than just negotiating rules [1][2] - The conference aims to establish more ambitious Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), fulfill funding commitments, and initiate a global carbon market, which are crucial for maintaining the 1.5°C temperature control target [1][2][3] Group 1: Conference Objectives - COP30 is seen as a pivotal moment for implementing the Paris Agreement, with a focus on delivering concrete outcomes, including the submission of 2035 NDCs and the practical establishment of climate financing goals [2][3] - The conference agenda includes the launch of a global carbon market, which is designed to facilitate cost-effective emissions reductions, contingent on fair and transparent rule design [3][4] Group 2: China's Role and Contributions - China is actively participating in COP30, emphasizing the importance of multilateralism and international cooperation in addressing climate change, and has submitted its 2035 NDC to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change [6][7] - The Chinese government has highlighted its achievements in green transformation and is committed to leading developing countries in implementing their NDCs, despite challenges posed by unilateralism and the absence of certain major players in climate negotiations [4][6][7] Group 3: Urgency and Challenges - The urgency of the climate crisis is underscored by recent reports indicating that 2025 could be one of the hottest years on record, emphasizing the need for accelerated action [6] - The conference faces challenges, including the need for deep reforms in climate financing mechanisms to meet the demands of developing countries, as current systems are inadequate [3][4]