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Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the articles highlights the complex relationship between China and Russia, characterized by both cooperation and caution, particularly in the context of geopolitical tensions and economic dependencies [1][15]. - The stability of Sino-Russian relations is attributed to long-term practical cooperation rather than occasional high-level meetings, driven by the ongoing international situation, particularly the Russia-Ukraine conflict and Western sanctions [3][5]. - Russia's recent directive to develop a strategic resource plan aims to reduce dependence on foreign sources, particularly in rare earth metals, reflecting a desire for greater strategic autonomy [5][9][14]. Group 2 - The financial collaboration between Russia and China has seen a significant increase in the use of local currencies for transactions, helping Russia to mitigate reliance on Western financial systems [5]. - The Arctic route is emerging as a crucial energy export channel for Russia, while for China, it represents a part of the "Ice Silk Road," indicating mutual benefits rather than a simple alliance [6]. - Russia's ambition to develop its rare earth industry is linked to its economic transformation and strategic security, as the country seeks to diversify its economy away from energy dependence [9][14]. Group 3 - Despite having substantial rare earth resources, Russia faces significant challenges in developing its industry due to complex processing requirements and a lack of established supply chains [10][13]. - The ongoing war and sanctions have led to a decrease in external investments and domestic funding, complicating Russia's goal of self-sufficiency in the rare earth sector [12]. - The geographical distribution of rare earth mines in remote areas poses additional challenges for industrial development, requiring significant investment and long-term technological development [13]. Group 4 - Russia's strategic goal of reducing reliance on China in critical sectors reflects a broader geopolitical strategy, even as it continues to deepen cooperation in other areas [14][15]. - The dual approach of seeking cooperation while maintaining strategic independence illustrates the complexities of great power relations and the realities of geopolitical dynamics [15].