2025年全球核聚变行业报告

Industry Overview - The global fusion industry is transitioning from scientific exploration to commercialization, with significant advancements in funding, technology, and collaboration [1][2] - As of 2025, total funding in the fusion sector has exceeded $9.7 billion, with over $2.6 billion raised in the past year alone, marking a five-fold increase since 2021 [9][23] - The number of companies in the industry has grown from 23 in 2021 to 53 in 2025, employing over 4,600 direct employees and supporting at least 9,300 supply chain jobs [10][23] Funding and Investment - Cumulative financing in the fusion industry has surpassed $97 billion, with a notable increase of over $2.6 billion in the last year [1][23] - Public funding has increased by 84%, reaching nearly $800 million, indicating strong government support for the industry's growth [17] - The median additional funding required for companies to bring their first pilot plants online is reported to be $700 million, with total capital needed for commercialization estimated at over $77 billion [11][12] Technological Advancements - Companies are utilizing diverse technological pathways, including magnetic confinement and inertial confinement, with several achieving key breakthroughs [2][10] - 35 companies plan to operate commercially viable pilot plants capable of generating net energy between 2030 and 2035, with expectations for the first fusion plant to deliver electricity to the grid between 2031 and 2040 [13][14] Collaboration and Ecosystem - Public-private partnerships are expanding, with governments engaging in cost-sharing initiatives to accelerate commercialization [17][20] - Collaborations between companies and academic institutions are fostering innovation in related technologies, benefiting sectors such as wind energy and transportation [2][18] Challenges and Future Outlook - The industry faces challenges in achieving sufficient fusion power gain, developing resilient materials, and navigating regulatory frameworks [15][16] - Despite these challenges, the fusion industry is poised for a defining decade, with strong investor confidence and a clear trajectory towards commercialization [3][14]