专访社科院廖凡：“中国方案”为全球治理提供改革动能与务实样本

Core Insights - The current global governance system must transition from a club dominated by a few countries to an effective platform that accommodates and responds to the demands of the "Global South" [1][5] - The systemic dilemma facing global governance is characterized by structural lag, insufficient representation, and weak execution, which are interrelated issues [3][4] - China plays a crucial role in promoting the integration of the Global South and can actively push for reforms in voting rights within international financial institutions [1][5] Global Governance Challenges - The governance system is experiencing a structural lag that fails to address new issues such as digital trade and climate change, leading to outdated rules [3][4] - There is a significant mismatch between the economic power of emerging markets and developing countries and their voting rights in major international financial institutions, resulting in a "representation deficit" [3][4] - Weak execution of global agreements occurs when major powers have conflicting interests, leading to decision paralysis and selective implementation [4] China's Role in Global Governance - China can act as a constructive leader, consensus builder, and reform practitioner in international economic governance [5][6] - The country aims to enhance the representation and decision-making power of the Global South in key institutions like the IMF and World Bank [5][6] - China's initiatives, such as the Global Development Initiative, address pressing challenges faced by developing countries and provide practical pathways for implementing the UN 2030 Agenda [6] Trade Dynamics - The global trade system is at a historical crossroads, facing challenges from rising unilateralism and protectionism, as well as opportunities from digital technology and green transformation [7][8] - China’s commitment to high-level opening up is both a strategic choice for its economic development and a stabilizing force for the multilateral trade system [9][10] - The recent signing of the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area 3.0 upgrade agreement signifies a new phase of high-quality economic relations, focusing on digital and green economies [12][13]