极端天气频发！全球葡萄酒产量连续三年低于平均水平

Core Viewpoint - The International Organization of Vine and Wine (OIV) projects a slight increase in global wine production in 2025, but it will remain below average levels due to the impact of extreme weather conditions over the past three years [1][3][7]. Group 1: Global Wine Production Estimates - The estimated global wine production for 2025 is approximately 23.2 billion liters, representing a 3% increase from 2024, yet still below average levels [3]. - The 2024 global wine production was reported as the lowest since 1961 [3]. - The European Union accounts for 60% of global wine production [3]. Group 2: Regional Production Insights - France is expected to have its lowest wine production since 1957 in 2025, while Spain's production has dropped to a 30-year low [3]. - Italy's wine production is recovering to near normal levels, and some Central and Eastern European countries have seen production increases [3]. - In the Northern Hemisphere, the United States, the fourth-largest wine producer globally, is projected to see a 3% year-on-year increase in production [3]. Group 3: Southern Hemisphere Production - The Southern Hemisphere is expected to see a 7% year-on-year increase in wine production, although it remains 5% below average levels [5]. - Countries like South Africa, Australia, New Zealand, and Brazil are experiencing production rebounds, while Chile faces significant declines due to heatwaves and drought [5]. Group 4: Climate Change Impact - The OIV's Secretary General, John Buck, indicated that the decline in wine production over the past three years is primarily due to climate change, with regions experiencing extreme temperatures, droughts, followed by heavy rains or unexpected frosts [7]. - The organization predicts that global wine production will continue to decrease due to climate change and changing consumer habits [7].