为机器人装上智慧大脑（迈向“十五五”的创新图景）

Core Insights - The article emphasizes the acceleration of innovation in artificial intelligence and digital technologies, focusing on breakthroughs in foundational theories and core technologies, as well as enhancing the efficient supply of computing power, algorithms, and data [1]. Group 1: Technological Advancements - A significant achievement was made when a bionic dual-arm robot successfully completed the autonomous transfer of samples, showcasing its ability to perceive, reason, and execute tasks like a human [2]. - The development process involved enhancing machine vision for precise identification and creating a rapid detection instrument for pharmaceuticals, addressing the challenge of integrating these independent systems [2][3]. - The team overcame the challenge of combining a flexible robotic body with a precise analytical instrument brain, introducing a large model as the intelligent core to achieve full-process autonomy [2][3]. Group 2: Design and Control Innovations - The first technical challenge addressed was the "bionic integrated lightweight design," which involved creating a modular solution for single-joint integrated drive, sensing, and control to reduce weight and enhance response speed while achieving millimeter-level grasping precision [3]. - The next challenge was to endow the robot's "brain" with intelligent decision-making capabilities, leading to the development of a hierarchical decision control strategy driven by large models, creating a closed loop of understanding, planning, and control [3]. - An innovative "physical feedback learning" mechanism was established to convert failure experiences into training data, improving the robot's success rate by continuously refining its understanding [3]. Group 3: Future Goals and Applications - The goals for the upcoming "14th Five-Year Plan" include continuous breakthroughs in bionic integrated structures, the integration of large models with embodied intelligence, and the development of a smart system demonstration applicable to laboratory automation and precision operations [3][4]. - The article highlights the importance of deep integration between bionic structural design and large model decision-making capabilities, which are essential for advancing embodied intelligence [4].