城湿相融 金玉共生

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the ecological transformation and biodiversity improvement of Xixi Wetland in Hangzhou, marking its 20th anniversary as China's first national wetland park, showcasing successful environmental restoration efforts and the integration of ecological protection with urban development [4][11]. Group 1: Ecological Restoration - Xixi Wetland has undergone significant ecological changes from pollution and degradation to a thriving ecosystem, with the introduction of various protective measures since 2003 [7][9]. - The wetland now hosts 971 species of vascular plants, an increase of 750 species since 2005, and 224 bird species, including three national first-class protected animals [13]. - Water quality has improved significantly, achieving surface water Class III standards, with some areas reaching Class II [13]. Group 2: Biodiversity and Wildlife - The recent sighting of the black-faced spoonbill marks the first record of this national first-class protected bird species in the wetland, indicating the area's rich biodiversity [3][13]. - The wetland's ecological functions have been restored, contributing to the mitigation of the "greenhouse effect" and "urban heat island effect," with air quality indicators ranking first in Hangzhou [13]. Group 3: Community and Economic Impact - The wetland's transformation has positively impacted local residents, with over 500 million annual visitors to the 5.79 square kilometer free-access area and nearly 700 employees in wetland management [13][14]. - The integration of wetland conservation with urban development has led to a stable increase in visitor numbers and revenue, with over 26 billion yuan generated since its opening [14]. Group 4: Innovative Management Approaches - Hangzhou has implemented a "Park-Oriented Development" (POD) model, promoting a spatial structure that combines wetland protection with urban park development [9][14]. - The establishment of the Xixi Wetland Smart Governance Center, utilizing advanced technologies for real-time monitoring and management, supports ongoing ecological protection efforts [10].