美股重挫叠加政府停摆余波：美国经济陷 “政策迷雾” 与市场动荡双重考验

Market Overview - On November 13, U.S. stock markets experienced their largest single-day decline in over a month, with the Dow Jones Industrial Average dropping nearly 800 points, reflecting a 1.65% decrease [2] - The S&P 500 index fell by 1.66%, while the Nasdaq Composite index, heavily impacted by technology stocks, plummeted by 2.29% [2] - The decline was attributed to persistent inflation concerns, fluctuating Federal Reserve policies, and the aftermath of a government shutdown [2] Sector Performance - The technology sector, particularly the "Big Seven" tech companies, led the market downturn, with notable declines including Tesla down 6.64%, Nvidia down 3.58%, and Amazon down 2.71% [2] - In contrast, defensive value stocks saw an uptick, with the value stock index rising approximately 1% this week, while growth stocks fell by 0.6% [2] Individual Stock Movements - Cisco saw a 4.6% increase due to an upward revision of its revenue and profit forecasts, benefiting from increased demand for networking equipment [3] - Disney, however, faced a significant drop of 7.8% as concerns grew over a prolonged distribution dispute with YouTube TV, raising uncertainties about its traditional television business [3] Economic Impact of Government Shutdown - The recent government shutdown, lasting 43 days, resulted in an estimated economic loss of $1.5 trillion, significantly exceeding previous estimates [4] - Key social programs, such as the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, were affected, leading to disruptions for 42 million Americans [4] - The aviation sector was particularly hard hit, with a 10% reduction in flight volumes at 40 major airports due to increased absenteeism among air traffic controllers [4] Policy and Data Concerns - The shutdown has created a "data vacuum," with critical economic reports like the Consumer Price Index and employment data potentially never being released, complicating Federal Reserve policy decisions [5] - Market expectations for a 25 basis point rate cut in December have decreased from 70% to approximately 47% due to the uncertainty surrounding inflation and labor market resilience [5] Global and Domestic Implications - The turmoil in U.S. markets has had global repercussions, with concerns about slowing U.S. economic growth impacting oil prices and causing disruptions in transatlantic flight schedules [6] - The temporary resolution of the government shutdown does not address underlying governance issues, with significant budgetary disagreements remaining unresolved [7] - The potential for another government shutdown looms as only three of the twelve annual appropriations bills have been passed, indicating ongoing political instability [7]