美国给瑞士加39%关税，瑞士寻求多国帮忙，公投让政策难推进

Economic Impact - The U.S. has imposed a 39% tariff on Swiss goods, significantly higher than the EU's 15% and the UK's 10%, posing a severe challenge to Switzerland's export-dependent economy, where exports account for approximately 70% of GDP [3][5] - The pharmaceutical industry, which constitutes nearly 60% of Switzerland's exports to the U.S., is particularly hard hit, with potential additional tariffs of 100% on drugs being threatened by the U.S. [5][10] - High tariffs have begun to disrupt normal economic operations in Switzerland, leading to increased costs and compressed profits for export companies, with some small and medium-sized enterprises facing existential threats [9][10] Strategic Response - In response to U.S. economic pressure, Switzerland is shifting from a focus on bilateral cooperation to actively building alliances to mitigate the impact [10][16] - Switzerland is reassessing the necessity of deeper economic integration with Europe, considering the acceleration of a bilateral agreement with Brussels that was reached in December 2024 [12][16] - The country has also initiated a "Future Investment and Trade Partnership" with smaller developed economies like New Zealand, Norway, and Singapore, aiming to form a robust defensive alliance [12][14] Political Considerations - Switzerland's democratic system, based on referendums, may slow down the implementation of policies necessary for economic recovery, as any agreement with the EU must be approved by public vote [17][21] - Public support for deeper European integration is rising in light of the U.S. tariffs, with major business groups beginning to advocate for closer trade ties with Europe [19][21] - However, uncertainties remain regarding public sentiment, which could be influenced by future economic conditions and external policies, posing a challenge for the Swiss government in balancing interests [21][24] Conclusion - The U.S. tariff crisis represents not only an economic challenge but also a test of Switzerland's long-standing neutrality and traditional development model [22][24] - Switzerland's evolving strategy from bilateral cooperation to multilateral alliances reflects a pragmatic approach to navigating the complexities of modern international trade dynamics [22][24]