美联储“逼死”企业？655家破产创15年新高，巨头一夜负债超千亿

Core Insights - The number of bankruptcies in the U.S. reached 655 by the end of October 2025, approaching the total of 687 for the entire year of 2024, marking a 15-year high [1] - The bankruptcy rate is accelerating, with 76 companies filing in August alone, the highest monthly figure since 2020, and 68 in October [1] Industry Impact - The industrial and consumer goods sectors are the hardest hit, with 98 and 80 bankruptcy filings respectively, indicating a severe crisis in these industries [3] - Industrial companies face challenges from global supply chain disruptions, rising raw material and logistics costs, and the impact of tariff policies [3] - Consumer goods companies are struggling with weak demand and high inventory levels, leading to significant financial distress [3] Major Company Bankruptcies - Notable bankruptcies include FirstBrandsGroup, with over $10 billion in debt, and Tricolor Holdings, which resulted in a $1.7 billion write-off for JPMorgan [5] - Office Properties Income Trust (OPI) also filed for bankruptcy, burdened by over $1 billion in debt amid a downturn in the office real estate market [5] Causes of Bankruptcy Surge - The surge in bankruptcies is attributed to rising interest rates initiated by the Federal Reserve, which have significantly increased borrowing costs for companies [7] - Tariff policies from the previous administration have further exacerbated the financial strain on companies reliant on imported materials, particularly in the industrial sector [7] Future Outlook - The market is divided on the future of the bankruptcy trend, with optimists viewing it as a normal industry correction, while cautious analysts warn of the potential for worsening conditions if high tariffs and interest rates persist [11] - The current environment is characterized by a struggle for survival among companies, balancing high costs against weak demand [11]