海光芯正：营收高复合增长，“AI热”背后仍不乏成长困扰

Core Viewpoint - The rapid growth of the AI industry has created unprecedented demands for bandwidth, density, and energy efficiency in communication networks, driving significant growth in the optical module industry, with companies like Beijing Haiguang Xinzhen Technology Co., Ltd. (Haiguang Xinzhen) seeking to capitalize on these opportunities through an IPO [1][12]. Company Overview - Haiguang Xinzhen, established in November 2011, specializes in optical interconnect products, including optical modules and active optical cables (AOC), with a focus on supporting high-speed, high-density, and energy-efficient data transmission in AI data centers [2][6]. - The company ranks as the tenth largest professional optical module provider globally, with a market share of 0.7% and is the fastest-growing among the top ten manufacturers from 2022 to 2024 [2][12]. Financial Performance - Haiguang Xinzhen's revenue has shown rapid growth, with figures of RMB 102.795 million in 2022, RMB 175.338 million in 2023, and projected revenues of RMB 861.832 million in 2024, reflecting a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 189.6% from 2022 to 2024 [7][9]. - Despite revenue growth, the company has not yet achieved profitability, reporting net losses of RMB 60.209 million in 2022, RMB 108.564 million in 2023, and RMB 17.895 million in the first half of 2024 [8][9]. Revenue Structure - The core revenue source for Haiguang Xinzhen is optical modules, which accounted for 68% of total revenue in 2022, with projections of 70.6% in 2023 and 68.5% in 2024 [4][5]. - AOC products have shown variability in revenue contribution, ranging from 12.5% to 26.3%, while other products contribute a smaller share [4][5]. Market Trends - The global optical interconnect market is expected to grow from RMB 4.2 billion in 2020 to RMB 46.2 billion by 2024, with a CAGR of 82.3%, and the AI optical module segment is projected to reach RMB 42.8 billion by 2024 [12][15]. - In China, the AI optical module market is anticipated to grow from RMB 600 million in 2020 to RMB 6.9 billion by 2024, with a CAGR of 86.8% [15]. Technological Development - Haiguang Xinzhen is focusing on advanced technologies such as 1.6T and 3.2T optical interconnect products to meet the increasing data throughput demands of AI data centers [6][18]. - The company has made progress in developing silicon photonic technology, which is expected to enhance its competitive edge in the market [19]. Investment Outlook - The upcoming IPO aims to raise funds for capacity expansion (51%), new product and technology development (37%), and business promotion (2%), positioning the company to strengthen its competitive advantage in the silicon photonic optical module sector [1][19]. - The company’s investment value is driven by its technological barriers and the growth potential of the industry, despite challenges related to profitability and market competition [19].