美议员：就算美国班门弄斧，中国定会把我们打得一败涂地

Core Viewpoint - The U.S. is facing challenges in the rare earth sector, realizing its dependency on China while seeking strategies to reduce this reliance [1][2]. Group 1: U.S. Legislative Actions and Concerns - U.S. lawmakers are urging a change in strategy to reduce dependence on China's dominance in rare earth supply, emphasizing the need for new technologies and alternative materials [1][2]. - The hearing highlighted the slow progress of U.S. mining and processing efforts, with concerns that new technologies to replace rare earths will take years to develop [1][2]. - Congressman Carlos Gimenez expressed skepticism about the U.S. ability to compete with China in the rare earth sector, suggesting that China is significantly ahead [1][2]. Group 2: Company Involvement and Government Support - Major U.S. mining companies, including MP Materials, Lithium Americas, and Niron Magnetics, have received government funding, such as a $400 million investment from the U.S. Department of Defense in MP Materials for a 15% stake [2]. - Company executives did not provide a timeline for reducing reliance on Chinese supplies, indicating uncertainty in the current geopolitical climate [2]. Group 3: Alternative Solutions and Technological Development - Congressman Raja Krishnamoorthi called for a comprehensive approach, likening it to the Manhattan Project, to end U.S. dependence on Chinese rare earths, advocating for both increased domestic mining and alternative technologies [4]. - Niron Magnetics is developing a new technology using iron nitride to replace rare earth elements in magnet production, but scaling up production will require time and additional funding [5]. Group 4: Broader Implications and Industry Challenges - The U.S. is actively seeking to reduce its reliance on China by engaging with resource-rich countries and expanding its list of critical minerals [5][6]. - Analysts note that rebuilding the Western rare earth supply chain will take time, and the industry outside of China lacks experience and technical expertise [6].