瑞银2026-27年全球经济及市场展望

Economic Outlook - The global economy is expected to remain weak for the next 4-5 months due to tariffs, but growth is anticipated to accelerate thereafter, particularly influenced by AI developments by 2026 [3][5] - In the baseline scenario, global GDP growth is projected at 3.2% for 2025, slightly decreasing to 3.1% in 2026, and then rising to 3.3% in 2027 [5] - The impact of tariffs is expected to suppress global exports and domestic prices in the U.S., while central banks in major emerging economies continue to lower interest rates [5][10] U.S. Economic Insights - The U.S. economy's expansion is primarily concentrated in AI-related sectors, with GDP growth forecasted to slow from 1.9% in 2025 to 1.7% in 2026 due to tariff impacts [10][11] - Inflation is expected to peak around mid-2026, with core PCE inflation projected to decline to 2.9% by Q4 2026 and 2.4% by Q4 2027 [10] - The Federal Reserve is likely to continue lowering interest rates, with potential cuts of 25 basis points in December 2025 and January 2026 [11] China Economic Forecast - China's GDP growth is expected to moderate to 4.5% in 2026, influenced by a slowdown in exports and a resilient domestic economy [13] - Policy support is anticipated to remain moderate, with fiscal deficits expected to expand slightly [13][14] - The "new economy" sectors are projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate of 7-8% during the 14th Five-Year Plan period (2026-2030) [14] Eurozone and Japan Outlook - The Eurozone's GDP growth is projected to slow to 1.1% in 2026, primarily due to the lagging effects of weak growth in late 2025 [15] - Japan may experience a technical recession in late 2025 but is expected to rebound in mid-2026, supported by a potentially expansionary fiscal policy [16] Market Outlook - The S&P 500 index is expected to have about 10% upside in 2026, driven by approximately 14% earnings growth, with a significant contribution from technology companies [18][19] - The current technology cycle is compared to the 1990s, with substantial capital expenditure growth but still below historical peaks [20] Fixed Income and Currency Insights - The impact of tariffs on inflation is expected to limit the reduction in front-end interest rates, with the 10-year U.S. Treasury yield projected to drop to 3.50% before rising to 4% by the end of 2026 [21] - The U.S. dollar is expected to maintain its attractiveness compared to other major markets, with the euro projected to trade between 1.14 and 1.18 against the dollar in 2026 [22] Commodity Insights - Gold is expected to outperform industrial and energy commodities, despite currently high valuations, with a reassessment anticipated in late 2026 [23]