Afghanistan seeks new trade routes as Pakistan ties sour

Core Insights - The ongoing trade tensions between Afghanistan and Pakistan have escalated since the Taliban's takeover in 2021, with Afghanistan seeking to diversify its trade routes away from Pakistan due to accusations of harboring militants [1][10] Trade Dynamics - Pakistan is Afghanistan's primary trading partner, accounting for 45% of Afghan exports in 2024, with over 70% of these exports, valued at $1.4 billion, consisting of perishable goods like figs, pistachios, grapes, and pomegranates [2][5] - The closure of the border on October 12 due to cross-border violence has resulted in significant losses exceeding $100 million for both countries, affecting around 25,000 border workers [5][10] Shifts in Trade Partnerships - In response to the border closure, Afghanistan is increasing trade with Iran and Central Asia, with trade volumes reportedly rising by 60-70% since mid-October [6][7] - Afghanistan has begun exporting apples and pomegranates to Russia, which is the only country to officially recognize the Taliban government [7] Export Challenges - Afghanistan faces challenges in exporting its agricultural products due to a lack of refrigerated storage, prompting calls for urgent exports to prevent spoilage [8] - The Taliban government is promoting Iran's Chabahar port as an alternative to Pakistan's ports, although it is noted to be more expensive and further away, compounded by US sanctions on Iran [9] Economic Impact - The trade war is impacting both economies, with Afghan produce nearly disappearing from markets in Pakistan, leading to significant price increases for items like grapes and tomatoes [10][11] - The Pakistan Afghanistan Joint Chamber of Commerce and Industry (PAJCCI) has warned of escalating costs due to shipping containers being stuck in Pakistan, incurring daily charges of $150-$200 [12]