香港科技大学：2025年全球供应链报告（摘要）

Core Insights - The 2025 global supply chain is being reshaped by geopolitical factors, policy directions, and technological innovations, showcasing diversification, regionalization, and sustainability as significant characteristics [1][2][7] - China maintains a core position in the global supply chain, while emerging manufacturing bases are accelerating their rise [1][2] Geopolitical and Trade Policies - Geopolitical tensions and trade policies are profoundly influencing supply chain layouts, with a clear trend towards localization and regionalization [1][8] - Free trade agreements are key to optimizing supply chains by reducing cross-border flow costs and promoting regional industrial clusters [10][12] Technological Innovations - Technological advancements such as AI, IoT, and blockchain are enhancing transparency and efficiency in logistics and inventory management, driving a transformation in supply chain operations [17][18] - The integration of automation and 3D printing technologies is fostering on-demand production models, reducing resource waste [17][18] Environmental Sustainability - Environmental sustainability has become a core value standard in supply chains, with "green compliance" pushing companies to adopt low-carbon practices in material procurement and production processes [2][18] - Companies are diversifying their procurement strategies to ensure the stability of raw material supplies and mitigate supply bottleneck risks [2][20] Industry-Specific Trends - The electric vehicle industry is experiencing strong growth, with supply chains shifting towards vertical integration [2][21] - The solar photovoltaic industry continues to expand, with China maintaining a leading position [2][21] - The apparel supply chain is progressing slowly towards diversification, with China's role shifting towards intermediate goods supply and investment [2][21] - The medical equipment market is steadily growing, characterized by decentralization and technology-driven innovation [2][21] Future Supply Chain Dynamics - The global supply chain is evolving towards a more resilient, distributed, and technology-intensive model, requiring companies to adapt to diversification, green compliance, and technological upgrades [2][36] - China is expected to retain its leading role in the global photovoltaic and electric vehicle supply chains, while also emerging as a significant player in the medical equipment supply chain [21][24][22]