“十五五”新机遇前瞻 财米油盐｜秸秆变“黄金”、空气变馒头？生物制造如何激活万亿市场？

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of biomanufacturing as a key emerging industry in China's economic transformation, highlighting its potential for sustainable development and economic benefits [1][3]. Economic Benefits - Biomanufacturing can convert waste into valuable resources and enhance cost efficiency. A newly developed enzymatic technology can convert 100% of nine types of crop straw into various industrial raw materials, reducing the cost of produced pulp by 30% to 40% compared to traditional chemical methods [2]. - The total scale of China's biomanufacturing industry is approaching 1 trillion yuan, with fermentation capacity accounting for over 70% of the global market. By 2030, industries currently contributing one-third of global GDP are expected to be reshaped by synthetic biology applications [2]. Sustainable Development - Biomanufacturing has significant low-carbon attributes, making it a crucial pathway to achieve carbon neutrality goals. Biobased products in the chemical sector can reduce emissions by 50% to 70% compared to petrochemical routes. A 30% substitution rate in the chemical and materials sectors could lead to a cumulative reduction of over 1.5 billion tons of CO2 by 2030 [3]. - Technologies in biomanufacturing can even enable "negative carbon" outcomes, as demonstrated by Shougang Longze, which utilizes steel industry waste gases to produce feed protein and fuel ethanol [3]. Policy Support and Development - The "14th Five-Year Plan" has identified biomanufacturing as a key development direction, with previous policies dating back to 2012 emphasizing the establishment of a biomanufacturing technology system [3]. - Recent initiatives by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the National Development and Reform Commission aim to cultivate biomanufacturing pilot platforms and promote the integration of biotechnological industries [4]. - The collaborative efforts of government, industry, academia, and research will accelerate the commercialization of biomanufacturing innovations, creating new employment and entrepreneurial opportunities [4].