中国多颗空间科学卫星刷新宇宙认知纪录

Core Insights - The Chinese Academy of Sciences' Space Science Pilot Project has achieved significant breakthroughs in various fields, including cosmic transient objects, cosmic ray propagation, and solar eruptions, marking a historic leap from "following" to "leading" in space science research [1][2]. Group 1: Project Achievements - Since its launch in 2011, the Space Science Pilot Project has successfully developed and launched eight scientific satellites, including "Wukong," "Shijian-10," "Micius," "Huiyan," "Taiji-1," "Huairou-1," "Kuafu-1," and "Tianguan," resulting in numerous original achievements [1][2]. - The project has led to advancements in key technologies, such as star-ground optical path alignment, and established China's first international standard X-ray calibration beamline [2]. Group 2: Scientific Breakthroughs - The "Tianguan" satellite discovered a new type of X-ray transient source, EP241021a, providing crucial insights into these mysterious celestial objects [4]. - The "Huiyan" satellite has made significant contributions to understanding black hole accretion bursts and neutron star surface nuclear burning [6]. - The "Kuafu-1" satellite has observed over 500 white light flares and identified a lower correlation rate between high-energy C-class flares and coronal mass ejections than previously expected [9]. Group 3: International Collaboration - The project has fostered extensive international cooperation, exemplified by the "Smile" satellite, a collaborative effort between the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the European Space Agency [3]. - The "Tianguan" satellite, led by China, involved participation from the European Space Agency, Germany, and France, marking a significant collaborative milestone [3]. Group 4: Future Plans - During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, the Chinese Academy of Sciences will implement a series of space exploration scientific satellite plans, focusing on major frontier issues such as the origins of the universe, space weather, and life [12]. - The aim is to achieve breakthroughs in areas like the dark ages of the universe and the detection of exoplanets, further solidifying China's leading position in space science [12].