中国稀散金属开发利用取得一系列重大突破

Core Insights - China has made significant breakthroughs in the development and utilization of rare metals such as gallium, germanium, and indium, particularly in the efficient extraction of low-grade rare metals from coal, aluminum, copper, lead, and zinc ores [1] Extraction Technology - The comprehensive recovery rate of germanium from coal has increased from 55% to over 80% [1] - The average recovery rate of gallium, germanium, and indium during the lead-zinc smelting process has improved by approximately 10% [1] - The recovery rates of selenium, tellurium, and rhenium in the copper smelting process have been raised from 93%, 65%, and 70% to 97%, 90%, and 80% respectively [1] High-Purity Product Development - Key technologies and core equipment for the preparation of high-purity rare metal products have achieved important breakthroughs [1] - China has independently developed five core pieces of equipment, including a temperature gradient condensation and crystal orientation control directional crystallizer, enabling stable mass production of 8N-grade high-purity gallium for semiconductor molecular beam epitaxy [1] - The first domestically produced planar high-purity germanium detector has been developed [1] - A production line for ultra-high-purity germanium and other high-end raw materials has been established, facilitating the transition from primary products to high-end products [1] - The self-sufficiency rate for key strategic metal products such as MBE high-purity gallium, LCD panel indium, germanium single crystal substrates, and cadmium telluride films has been raised to over 70%, breaking foreign monopolies and restrictions [1]