硬核科普！第三部分：区块链的应用领域与国际地位

Group 1 - The core viewpoint of the article emphasizes that blockchain technology has transcended its initial association with digital currencies and is now recognized as a strategic infrastructure deployed by multiple countries globally, impacting areas such as data security, supply chain, financial services, and national security [1][2]. Group 2 - Blockchain is being utilized as a new generation of information infrastructure in China, with a focus on standardization and practical applications. The number of blockchain-related policies issued by central and local governments has exceeded a thousand, with 79 new policies introduced in 2023 alone [5][6]. - The application of blockchain in national security and critical infrastructure is highlighted, with NASA conducting research on using Ethereum for debris detection and decision-making in autonomous spacecraft, indicating its importance beyond traditional financial applications [3][5]. Group 3 - The European Union has established the Markets in Crypto-Assets (MiCA) framework, which is the first comprehensive regulatory framework for the crypto asset industry, aiming to address real market issues and providing regulatory certainty [10][11]. - In contrast, the United States faces challenges with fragmented jurisdiction in its regulatory approach, with Congress proposing the "Eliminate Barriers to Innovation Act" to create a joint working group for digital assets [12][13]. Group 4 - The article discusses various industry standards being developed in China, including those for the insurance sector and IoT, aimed at ensuring secure and trustworthy data circulation [6][9]. - The regulatory landscape is evolving, with recommendations to enhance governance capabilities and improve the legal framework for digital assets, while encouraging self-regulation among enterprises [9].