郑栅洁人民日报撰文：坚持扩大内需这个战略基点

Core Viewpoint - The Chinese government emphasizes the importance of expanding domestic demand as a strategic foundation for long-term development and stability, aiming to enhance the domestic circulation's internal vitality and reliability during the 14th Five-Year Plan period [1][8]. Achievements in Expanding Domestic Demand - Since the 18th National Congress, domestic demand has become the main driving force for economic growth, contributing an average of 93.1% to economic growth from 2013 to 2024, with final consumption and capital formation contributing 55% and 38.1% respectively [2][3]. - By 2024, final consumption expenditure and capital formation will reach 76.3 trillion yuan and 54.8 trillion yuan, respectively, which are 2.7 times and 2.2 times the levels in 2012 [2]. Upgrading Consumption and Investment Structures - The sales of new energy vehicles have ranked first globally for ten consecutive years, with the domestic penetration rate of passenger cars increasing from less than 0.1% in 2013 to 48.9% in 2024 [3]. - The share of service consumption in per capita consumption expenditure rose from 39.7% in 2013 to 46.1% in 2024, while online retail sales of physical goods accounted for 26.8% of total retail sales by 2024, up from 10.8% in 2015 [3]. Policy Framework for Expanding Domestic Demand - The government has implemented various policies to promote consumption and investment, including the "Strategic Plan for Expanding Domestic Demand (2022-2035)" and the issuance of long-term special bonds to support major national strategies [4][5]. Addressing New Challenges in the 14th Five-Year Plan - The 14th Five-Year Plan period presents new challenges, including the need to enhance domestic consumption and investment efficiency, as well as to address the low service consumption ratio compared to developed countries [9][10]. - The government aims to meet the diverse and personalized needs of the population, particularly in areas such as healthcare, education, and cultural tourism, to improve living standards [9][10]. Implementation of Key Projects - The government plans to implement significant engineering projects in urban renewal, strategic transportation, and new energy systems, while also focusing on service consumption infrastructure [14][15]. Promoting a Unified National Market - Efforts are being made to eliminate barriers to market access and improve the efficiency of the domestic market, including reducing the number of negative lists for market entry and enhancing the logistics system [15].