北京疾控发布预防流感八问八答

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of understanding flu prevention and control measures, especially during the high incidence winter-spring season, to protect oneself and family from influenza. Group 1: Influenza Overview - Influenza is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by the influenza virus, primarily the H3N2 subtype in China [2] - The flu virus has four types: A, B, C, and D, with A and B being the most common in seasonal outbreaks [2] Group 2: Characteristics of Influenza - The flu typically peaks in the winter-spring season, with varying dominant strains each year, including H3N2, H1N1, and B Victoria subtypes [3] - Influenza spreads mainly through droplets from coughs and sneezes, and can survive briefly in the air [4] Group 3: Symptoms and Differences from Common Cold - Typical symptoms of influenza include fever, headache, muscle and joint pain, with temperatures reaching 39-40°C, along with sore throat, dry cough, nasal congestion, and fatigue [5] - Influenza differs from the common cold in terms of causative agents, symptoms, and seasonal patterns, with flu being more severe and often leading to complications like pneumonia in high-risk groups [6] Group 4: High-Risk Groups - High-risk groups for severe influenza include infants, pregnant women, and elderly individuals with chronic conditions such as heart or lung diseases, diabetes, or immune suppression [7] Group 5: Prevention Strategies - Annual vaccination is an effective method to prevent influenza and reduce the risk of severe complications, along with maintaining good personal hygiene and cleanliness in living and working environments [8] Group 6: Response to Symptoms - Individuals showing flu symptoms should rest at home and avoid public places until symptoms subside, and seek medical attention if experiencing severe symptoms like persistent high fever or difficulty breathing [9]