五年期定存难寻？银行悄悄下架背后，储户理财该换“新思路”了

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the recent trend of banks reducing or eliminating long-term deposit options, particularly five-year fixed deposits, due to the pressure of low loan interest rates and the need to maintain profitability in a challenging economic environment [5][29]. Group 1: Bank Practices and Profitability - Banks are increasingly unable to offer competitive long-term deposit rates, with five-year deposits now yielding only 2.5%, lower than the three-year rate of 2.7% [5][10]. - The concept of "net interest margin" is highlighted, where banks earn profit from the difference between loan interest and deposit interest. However, with declining loan rates, banks face squeezed profit margins [7][8]. - The reduction of long-term deposits is described as a necessary response to the financial pressures banks are experiencing, as maintaining high-interest long-term deposits becomes unsustainable [10][29]. Group 2: Changing Consumer Behavior - There is a noticeable shift in consumer behavior, with many individuals preferring to store their money in fixed deposits rather than riskier investments like funds or stocks, driven by a desire for stability in uncertain economic times [10][12]. - The article notes that consumers are increasingly opting for longer-term deposits, which complicates banks' liquidity management, as they must be prepared for potential withdrawals [13][29]. - The article emphasizes that the traditional approach of relying on long-term deposits for passive income is becoming less viable, as interest rates continue to decline [17][29]. Group 3: Policy and Market Trends - The central bank's push for "interest rate marketization" has led to a decrease in deposit interest rates, particularly for long-term deposits, as part of broader efforts to lower financing costs for businesses [15][29]. - The article suggests that low interest rates may become the norm, indicating that consumers should adapt their savings strategies accordingly [29]. - New banking products, such as "flexible term deposits," are being introduced to provide consumers with more options while allowing banks to manage costs effectively [28][29].