82岁退休的他，带出一系千亿级科技巨头，却不持有1股股权

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the evolution and achievements of the Chinese high-performance computing (HPC) industry, particularly focusing on the contributions of Sugon (中科曙光) in establishing China as a global leader in supercomputing technology. It emphasizes the importance of self-reliance in technology and the strategic significance of HPC in various sectors. Group 1: Historical Development - In 1990, the National Intelligent Computer Research and Development Center was established to promote the "863 Program," with Li Guojie appointed as the director [24] - The first project initiated by Li was the development of supercomputers, leading to the creation of "Shuguang No. 1" in 1993, marking China's entry into the HPC field [35][12] - The success of "Shuguang No. 1" led to the lifting of the ban on 10 billion calculations for China by Western countries just three days later [37] Group 2: Technological Advancements - Sugon has developed several supercomputers, including "Shuguang 4000A," "Shuguang 5000," and "Shuguang 6000," breaking the Western monopoly and establishing China as the third country capable of independently developing supercomputers [12] - The "Shuguang" series has been instrumental in various applications, from weather forecasting to space exploration, showcasing the versatility and necessity of HPC [8][10] Group 3: Market Position and Challenges - From 2009 to 2019, Sugon ranked first in the China HPC TOP100 for ten consecutive years, despite facing significant pressure from U.S. sanctions [13] - In June 2019, the U.S. Department of Commerce placed five Chinese companies on the Entity List, including four from the Sugon system, but this did not hinder Sugon's innovation [14] Group 4: Strategic Expansion - Sugon has expanded its capabilities beyond supercomputing to include a full industry chain involving chips, computing, cloud, and intelligence, enhancing its competitive edge [15] - The company has developed its own chips through subsidiaries like Haiguang Information, which produces both X86 architecture CPUs and self-developed deep computing units [16] Group 5: Financial Performance - By 2024, Sugon's gross margin and net margin reached 29.16% and 15.16%, respectively, representing increases of 159% and 293% since 2018 [91] - The net profit surged from 116 million in 2014 to 1.911 billion in 2024, marking a 16-fold increase over ten years [91] Group 6: Future Outlook - The merger of Haiguang Information and Sugon is set to create a comprehensive ecosystem for domestic chip, server, storage, and data center services, establishing a new landscape for the domestic HPC industry [80] - Sugon's strategic initiatives, including the establishment of intelligent computing centers and cloud services, position it well for future growth and resilience against external pressures [83][84]