投票通过！国际贸易禁止对蝠鲼和魔鬼鱼进行贸易！

Core Viewpoint - The historic decision to list all species of manta rays and devil rays in CITES Appendix I represents the highest level of international protection, prohibiting international commercial trade of these critically endangered species, marking a significant step towards their conservation [4]. Group 1: Biological Characteristics and Vulnerability - Manta rays and devil rays are unique species known for their filter-feeding behavior and distinctive anatomy, making them some of the most captivating marine creatures [5]. - Their biological traits, including slow growth, late sexual maturity (males around 9 years, females around 15 years), low reproductive rates (one pup every 2-7 years), and long lifespan (up to 50 years), render them extremely vulnerable to fishing pressures [5]. Group 2: Trade and Conservation Challenges - In parts of Asia, the gill plates of manta rays and devil rays are sold as traditional "health products," despite a lack of scientific evidence supporting their purported benefits, driving unsustainable fishing practices [8]. - Recent research indicates a shift towards online trade, rising prices, and challenges in species-level identification of processed products, highlighting increasing violations of CITES and the opacity of global trade [8]. - The meat of manta rays and devil rays is also traded internationally, often dried and salted for transport, adding further pressure to already vulnerable populations [9]. - Despite existing protections under CITES Appendix II and national legislation, populations of all manta and devil ray species have declined by over 80% in just one or two generations, with some cases reaching up to 99% [9]. Group 3: Future Steps for Conservation - The voting for Appendix I is just the first step; countries must implement national and regional measures to ensure effective conservation outcomes [12]. - Strengthening national legislation, promoting community-based management strategies, and enhancing enforcement and traceability are essential for the success of these conservation measures [12]. - Effective communication with consumers and markets is crucial, as illegal trade remains a significant threat despite the prohibition of legal international trade [13].