从来没有自由的“互联网”，有的都是“互拦网”

Group 1 - The article discusses the relationship between media technology and social conditions, emphasizing that the invention and use of media are products of societal needs rather than the other way around [4][5]. - It highlights the delayed popularization of television post-World War II, attributing it to societal conditions and the lack of demand from the middle class at that time [5][9]. - The concept of "mobile privatization" is introduced, explaining how modern society's need for personal space while being mobile led to the development of technologies like cars, radio, and television [7][9]. Group 2 - The article presents the case of Chile's Cybersyn project, initiated during a socialist reform period, aiming to manage the economy through a cybernetic system despite limited technological resources [12][16]. - It contrasts this with the Soviet Union's OGAS project, which sought to implement a nationwide automated system for managing the planned economy but ultimately failed due to bureaucratic inefficiencies [21][26]. - The article concludes that political conditions can either promote or hinder technological development, as seen in the contrasting outcomes of the Cybersyn and OGAS projects [29][30]. Group 3 - The article discusses how the internet's development in the U.S. was driven by corporate needs for efficiency and management, supported by favorable political and economic policies [30][31]. - It notes that the initial internet infrastructure was influenced by military needs, showcasing how war can spur technological advancements [32]. - Cultural factors, such as the countercultural movements of the 1960s, also played a significant role in shaping the values and characteristics of the early internet [33][35]. Group 4 - The article mentions Cuba's unique approach to internet access, where citizens developed a system of sharing information through hard drives due to high costs and government restrictions on internet use [38][40]. - This case illustrates the adaptability of individuals in response to technological limitations and government control, creating a customized version of internet access [40][41].