为科学保护地球第三极提供参考（美丽中国）

Core Viewpoint - The second comprehensive scientific investigation of the Tibetan Plateau has released "ten major application results," which are crucial for ecological protection legislation, the establishment of a comprehensive observation and early warning platform, and the optimization of the national park system, thereby revealing the mechanisms of environmental change on the Tibetan Plateau and significantly contributing to its sustainable development [1][2]. Group 1: Major Application Results - The ten major application results include scientific support for ecological protection legislation, providing legal guarantees for the ecological barrier of the Tibetan Plateau [2] - Establishment of a comprehensive observation and early warning platform for the Earth system, aiding major projects and cross-border disaster prevention [2] - Proposal for the construction of a national park group and optimization of the natural protection area system, scientifically supporting the establishment of relevant national parks [2] - Assessment of the positive effects of major ecological projects on the Tibetan Plateau, reinforcing its ecological safety barrier [2] - Development of ecological protection and disaster avoidance plans for the Sichuan-Tibet Railway, ensuring the safety of major transportation projects [2] - Innovation in disaster prevention technology for permafrost areas, supporting the construction of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway [2] - Evaluation of disaster risks in the Yarlung Tsangpo River basin, serving major hydropower project construction [2] - Achievements in the assessment of mineral resources like lithium, potassium, and oil and gas, supporting the strategic resource reserve construction of the Tibetan Plateau [2] - Continuous monitoring of greenhouse gases through the Tibetan Plateau monitoring network, providing data for carbon accounting and climate change response [2] - Proposal of new models for border security and development, supporting the construction of national security barriers [2] Group 2: Scientific Contributions and Findings - The second comprehensive scientific investigation has published over 190 excellent scientific reports and 245 articles in top international academic journals, contributing to scientific communication and public understanding [3] - The investigation has involved over 3,000 scientific teams and more than 30,000 participants, covering the entire Tibetan Plateau and addressing various scientific tasks and topics [4] - New findings indicate that the Tibetan Plateau has undergone three environmental transformations, enhancing its role as Asia's water tower and increasing its carbon sink capacity, which supports national water resource security and carbon neutrality goals [6] - The investigation has revealed the unique status of the Tibetan Plateau as a "biodiversity museum" and "species cradle," providing critical evidence for understanding global biodiversity patterns [6]