业界共议智能船舶“未来航道”

Core Viewpoint - The shipping industry is undergoing a significant transformation driven by artificial intelligence and autonomous navigation, with stakeholders expressing a proactive and open attitude towards these changes [1][7]. Industry Challenges - The development of intelligent ships is a complex system engineering challenge involving technology, standards, regulations, business models, and industrial ecology, presenting both challenges and historical opportunities for high-quality development [1][2]. - The global shipping industry faces multiple challenges, including supply chain restructuring, upgraded environmental regulations, and energy transition pressures, with digitalization and intelligence seen as key solutions [1][2]. Technical Challenges - The maritime environment is complex and variable, significantly affecting ship operations, which tests the limits of intelligent systems in perception, decision-making, and control stability [1][2]. - The shortage of crew members and communication difficulties during long-distance voyages highlight the importance of autonomous capabilities on ships [2]. Technological Innovations - The integration of artificial intelligence and machine vision is a focal point for the industry, with the development of intelligent safety systems aimed at enhancing navigation safety management through features like collision avoidance and shore-ship collaboration [2][3]. - The emergence of auxiliary docking systems is likened to having a "smart pilot" on board, making docking operations safer, more efficient, and precise [3]. Regulatory Framework - Current international maritime organization (IMO) documents indicate that existing rules do not adequately address issues related to Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS), necessitating the development of new guidelines [4]. - Non-mandatory MASS rules are expected to be finalized by 2026, with mandatory rules to be drafted by 2028 and implemented by 2032 [4]. Collaborative Efforts - International cooperation is essential to address the fragmentation of technical standards in intelligent shipping, requiring a cross-domain compatible technical framework [5]. - The restructuring of ship types and system architectures is anticipated under the new MASS regulations, which will enhance testing and validation systems [6]. Human-Machine Interaction - The ultimate goal of intelligent ships is not to create fully autonomous vessels but to redefine the roles of crew members, transitioning them from traditional operators to system managers and decision-makers [7]. - A balance must be struck between leveraging artificial intelligence capabilities and managing its limitations, ensuring that systems can seamlessly revert control to human operators when necessary [6][7].