撤稿之后还须彻查（纵横）

Core Viewpoint - The Ministry of Science and Technology, along with relevant departments, has initiated a special rectification action against academic misconduct, focusing on retracted papers by Chinese scholars in international journals, emphasizing a zero-tolerance attitude towards academic fraud [1][2]. Group 1: Academic Misconduct and Retraction - The action targets behaviors such as plagiarism, data fabrication, paper trading, and the fabrication of peer review experts and opinions, with a commitment to serious investigation and handling of these issues [1]. - Retraction is described as a conventional self-correction mechanism within the academic community, where some authors voluntarily retract papers due to content issues, reflecting a responsible attitude towards academia [1]. - However, some retractions are attempts to cover up academic misconduct, which can lead to misallocation of research resources and tarnish the reputation of scientific research [1]. Group 2: Consequences and Systemic Issues - The special rectification action will incorporate serious misconduct into a database linked to project applications, academic awards, and other evaluations, aiming to increase the cost of dishonesty [2]. - The initiative is seen as a necessary "surgical operation" to combat academic misconduct and to hold accountable those who conceal or tolerate such behaviors within their institutions [2]. - The underlying issue of evaluation criteria is highlighted, where some institutions prioritize quantity over quality, allowing for gray areas that enable opportunistic behaviors among researchers [2]. Group 3: Reform and Ethical Education - The rectification is viewed as a means to return to the original intent of research, which is to explore truth and benefit society, emphasizing the need for ethical education and improved supervision mechanisms [2]. - Reforming the evaluation system to focus on innovation, quality, effectiveness, and contribution is deemed essential for fostering a healthier research environment [2]. - The process of rectification, while painful, is necessary for the revitalization of Chinese research and achieving global recognition through genuine innovation [2].