全球金融市场价格波动加大，美联储12月降息一旦落地，会否反而让市场在2026年产生流动性紧缩？

Core Viewpoint - The current volatility in global stock, bond, currency, and precious metal markets indicates a highly concentrated expectation and liquidity, with a potential end to the era of ultra-loose monetary policy, as highlighted by the BIS warning [1][3]. Market Trends - As of December 8, the 10-year U.S. Treasury yield rose by 2.92 basis points to 4.164%, nearing the 4.2% mark, with long-term yields in Japan and Germany also reaching new highs [1]. - The three major U.S. stock indices fell for the third consecutive trading day, with the S&P 500 index down 2.1% from its November peak [1]. - The U.S. dollar index increased by 0.12% to 99.10, while most non-U.S. currencies faced downward pressure [1]. - International precious metal futures generally declined, with COMEX gold futures down 0.54% to $4219.90 per ounce and COMEX silver futures down 0.94% to $58.50 per ounce [1]. Federal Reserve Expectations - Market focus is on the Federal Reserve's December meeting, with an 84.8% probability of a 25 basis point rate cut, while the probability of maintaining the current rate is only 15.2% [3]. - The anticipated rate cut may not signify the expected easing but could represent a tightening signal due to distorted market price signals [3]. Employment Data Impact - The U.S. ADP employment data for November showed a decrease of 32,000 jobs, the largest drop since March 2023, significantly below the expected increase of 40,000 jobs, with small businesses being the hardest hit [4][6]. Analyst Revisions - Following the weak employment data, major Wall Street firms like JPMorgan and Morgan Stanley have revised their forecasts, with Standard Chartered explicitly changing its prediction from "maintaining rates" to "a 25 basis point cut" [6]. - Nomura Securities has also adjusted its reports to support the rate cut, acknowledging previous misinterpretations of Fed Chair Powell's hawkish signals [6]. Market Pricing and Future Projections - The market has already priced in the rate cut, indicating that the anticipated easing may lack additional positive impact, leading to a focus on the 2026 policy path [7]. - The internal division within the Federal Reserve regarding hawkish and dovish stances is becoming more pronounced, with potential voting outcomes indicating a split [7]. - Analysts predict a rare voting pattern of "4 hawkish dissenting votes + 1 dovish dissenting vote" during the upcoming rate decision [7]. Economic Outlook - The National Association for Business Economics (NABE) survey indicates an upward revision of the median growth forecast for the U.S. economy in 2026 to 2%, with inflation expected to decrease to 2.6% and unemployment rising to 4.5% [10]. - The anticipated tightening of monetary policy is reflected in the bond market, with the 10-year Treasury yield rising by 26 basis points since late November [13]. - The stock market, particularly the S&P 500, has shown declines despite rising rate cut expectations, indicating concerns over liquidity tightening [13]. Liquidity Conditions - Recent trends in the U.S. repo market show tightening liquidity, with the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) reaching a high of 4.5% [15]. - The market's perception of liquidity measures as "countering liquidity shortages" rather than "active easing" reinforces the notion that a lack of incremental easing equates to tightening [15].