“硅谷入局，想撼动中国主导？”

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses how American companies, particularly a startup named Brimstone, are attempting to process diabase to reduce reliance on critical minerals imported from China, aiming to produce aluminum, magnesium, and other essential minerals [1][4]. Group 1: Company Initiatives - Brimstone, founded in 2019, has raised over $80 million from investors including Amazon and Bill Gates, and is working on a proprietary chemical process to extract minerals from diabase [1]. - The company claims its method can produce multiple minerals from the same rock, with costs approximately 40% lower than traditional methods, and anticipates energy costs could decrease by 30% to 50% upon full production [1]. - Currently, Brimstone is in the laboratory phase and has not yet established a facility for industrial-scale production, with no timeline for construction [1]. Group 2: Industry Context - The U.S. has limited aluminum ore reserves, meeting less than 17% of its demand, and relies heavily on China for titanium and magnesium, which are critical for various industries [4]. - Previous attempts by the U.S. to establish a competitive supply chain for critical minerals have largely failed, with most of the 54 minerals classified as critical by the U.S. Geological Survey being dependent on imports [4]. - In 2023, venture capital investments in U.S. critical mineral startups reached a record $600 million, reflecting increased funding from both the government and private investors [5]. Group 3: Technological Developments - Some researchers are applying mathematical models from autonomous vehicle development to mineral exploration, while others are using AI to enhance exploration success rates [6]. - Companies like Milvus Advanced are developing lab-synthesized alternatives to critical minerals using machine learning, claiming to produce alloys at costs at least 70% lower than market prices [6]. - Experts express skepticism about the feasibility of these startups, citing a shortage of skilled labor in the industry as a significant barrier to success [6].