美国就业成本涨幅创逾四年新低，通胀压力缓和

Group 1 - The core point of the articles indicates that the growth rate of labor costs in the U.S. has slowed to 3.5% in the third quarter, marking the lowest level in nearly four years, which suggests a cooling job market is effectively alleviating inflationary pressures [1] - The Employment Cost Index, which tracks changes in wages and benefits, increased by 3.5% year-over-year and 0.8% quarter-over-quarter, lower than economists' expectations of 0.9%, reflecting weakened job market momentum and a general slowdown in hiring [1] - The Federal Reserve views the decline in labor cost growth as a key positive signal for controlling inflation, as the Employment Cost Index is considered a core monitoring indicator that accurately reflects labor market softness and future inflation trends [1] Group 2 - The labor market is experiencing a structural shift, with a decrease in hiring activities and an increase in layoffs, reaching the highest level since early 2023 [2] - The voluntary quit rate, which measures worker confidence, has dropped to its lowest level since 2020, indicating a cautious attitude among employees towards job changes and a significant decline in labor market fluidity [2] - Real wage growth in the private sector has only increased by 0.5% year-over-year after adjusting for inflation, with nominal wage growth at 0.6%, suggesting that nominal increases are largely offset by rising prices, particularly affecting younger workers [2] - The annual wage growth for government employees has also slowed due to cost-cutting measures in the "government efficiency department," leading to a continuous decline in public sector employment, which adds pressure to the overall job market [2] - Economists and policymakers are closely monitoring the upcoming November non-farm payroll report and consumer price index report, which will provide a more comprehensive economic picture, especially following delays in data releases due to a government shutdown [2]