中国可再生能源学会：2025全球海上风电产业链发展报告

Core Insights - The global offshore wind power industry is accelerating, becoming a significant growth area in renewable energy, with a cumulative installed capacity of 83.2 GW by the end of 2024, providing clean electricity to over 73 million households [7][18] - China has emerged as the global leader in offshore wind power, with a cumulative grid-connected capacity of 44.61 million kW by September 2025, accounting for over half of the global total [7][18] - The global supply chain is characterized by both collaborative development and structural imbalances, with the Asia-Pacific region as the main equipment supply center and Europe leading in technology research and high-end services [8][9] Market Development Overview - The average capacity of newly installed offshore wind turbines globally reached 9.8 MW, with a significant reduction in levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) by over 60% since 2010 [2][22] - China has made breakthroughs in key areas such as direct-drive technology and blade materials, with a domestic production rate exceeding 70% for main shaft bearings [2][22] - The offshore wind power market is expected to see an annual compound growth rate of 15%-28%, with annual new installations projected to exceed 30 GW by 2030 [2][10] Supply Chain Development - The offshore wind power supply chain is evolving towards an integrated system encompassing development, manufacturing, construction, and operation [26] - There are significant regional imbalances and capacity mismatches within the supply chain, with demand growth outpacing supply capacity in critical areas [26][27] - The Asia-Pacific region is the largest assembly and key component production center, while Europe and North America excel in technology research and high-end services [28] Challenges - The offshore wind industry faces macroeconomic challenges, including rising interest rates and increased capital costs, which affect project economics and financing [27] - Policy uncertainties and lengthy approval processes hinder project advancement, with many countries experiencing delays in environmental assessments and permitting [27] - The global supply chain is vulnerable to geopolitical influences, with instability in the supply of key raw materials and core components [27] Future Outlook - Establishing an open, cooperative, and mutually beneficial industrial ecosystem is essential for accelerating the development of the global offshore wind industry, with China poised to play a crucial role [10]