中美非洲关键矿产对决！美国78亿抢占先机，反超中国成为第一

Group 1 - The core point of the article highlights the shift in investment dynamics in Africa, with the U.S. surpassing China in direct investment for the first time since 2012, amounting to $7.8 billion compared to China's $4 billion, indicating a strategic reconfiguration in resource control and supply chains [3][27]. - The U.S. is focusing its investments on critical minerals such as lithium, cobalt, and rare earths, as well as local refining and processing facilities, aiming to gain control over the entire supply chain rather than just mining rights [7][14]. - The U.S. is leveraging the International Development Finance Corporation (DFC) to counter China's influence in Africa, employing a targeted investment strategy that emphasizes key mining and refining projects [10][12]. Group 2 - China's investment strategy in Africa has historically involved a comprehensive approach, securing mining rights, building infrastructure, and processing minerals, which has created a robust supply chain that is not easily replaceable [5][19]. - The competitive landscape is changing, with increased participation from Western countries and emerging economies, leading to a more challenging environment for Chinese investments [21][23]. - African nations are shifting their approach to resource management, seeking joint ventures and local equity participation, which enhances their bargaining power and aims to retain more value from their resources [25][27]. Group 3 - The competition between the U.S. and China in Africa is evolving from infrastructure investment to a focus on sustainable industrial upgrade solutions and regulatory frameworks [29][30]. - The article suggests that the future of this competition will be intense, with both countries needing to adapt their strategies to maintain influence in the critical minerals sector [32].