原油价格跌破30美元每桶时，沙特作为主要产油国，主动挑起价格战，意欲为何？

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the significant impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Saudi Aramco's market value and the global oil market, highlighting the strategic moves by Saudi Arabia and Russia in response to falling oil prices [1] Group 1: Market Impact - Saudi Aramco's market value dropped by the equivalent of 1.2 times that of PetroChina due to a 30% decline in international oil prices [1] - The pandemic led to a drastic reduction in air travel, causing oil demand to plummet and prices to reach critical lows [1] Group 2: Strategic Responses - Saudi Arabia, reliant on oil for 60% of its fiscal revenue, sought to stabilize prices by proposing production cuts in collaboration with OPEC and Russia [1] - Russia resisted production cuts due to concerns over losing market share and allowing U.S. shale oil producers to benefit, leading to a breakdown in negotiations [1] Group 3: Competitive Dynamics - In retaliation, Saudi Arabia announced a $10 price reduction and plans to increase production, aiming to drive higher-cost producers out of the market [1] - The cost of oil extraction is significantly lower for Saudi Arabia at $3 per barrel compared to $17 for Russia, indicating a competitive advantage in a price war [1] - The ongoing situation is characterized as a war of attrition, with the outcome dependent on which country can endure the longest before returning to negotiations [1]