比美国还高，墨西哥通告中国将加税50%，商务部：想好了吗？

Group 1 - Mexico's Congress approved a tariff bill that will impose tariffs ranging from 5% to 50% on imports from Asian countries, including China, starting January 1, 2026 [1][3] - The new tariffs will affect 1,463 tariff items, representing 16.8% of Mexico's total tariff codes, impacting approximately $52 billion worth of imports, which is 8.6% of Mexico's annual import total [3] - The automotive industry is particularly affected, with Chinese vehicles holding an 18.1% market share in Mexico, and the new tariffs will significantly increase the cost of imported vehicles [3][5] Group 2 - The Mexican government claims the tariffs aim to "protect national industry," but they are also expected to generate an annual revenue of 70 billion pesos (approximately $3.76 billion) to address the highest budget deficit since the 1980s [5] - The tariffs are part of a series of measures against China, including temporary tariffs on textiles and a 35% countervailing duty on electric vehicles, closely linked to U.S. pressure on Mexico [5][7] - The core motivation for these tariffs is the upcoming review of the USMCA (United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement), with the U.S. urging Mexico to limit Chinese goods entering the North American market [7] Group 3 - There are concerns within Mexico regarding the potential negative impact of these tariffs, with some lawmakers arguing that now is not the time to provoke trade tensions with China [7][12] - The Mexican manufacturing sector relies heavily on Chinese imports, with 30% of machinery and components sourced from China, raising concerns about competitiveness and economic growth [12] - The tariffs could lead to increased production costs, which may ultimately be passed on to consumers, affecting low-income populations who rely on affordable goods [12][15] Group 4 - Chinese companies are already adapting to the new tariff environment by restructuring supply chains, such as relocating assembly processes to Mexico while sourcing high-value components from Southeast Asia [14] - Mexico's nearshoring strategy is under pressure as the U.S. pushes for supply chains to move away from China, but Mexican factories may struggle to replace Chinese raw materials in the short term [14] - The global trade landscape is shifting, with the U.S. pushing for local content requirements under the USMCA, which may sacrifice trade diversity in favor of geopolitical alignment [14]