努力稳定新出生人口规模 重磅定调释放生育、教育政策信号

Core Insights - The central economic work conference emphasized the goal of "stabilizing the new birth population scale," indicating a potential strengthening of fertility policies in response to demographic challenges [1][14][15] Group 1: Fertility Policies - The conference has consistently addressed fertility policies for five consecutive years, with this year's focus on specific population targets rather than just implementation strategies [1][3] - A new round of fertility support policies is set to be established, with measures including tax deductions for childcare costs and financial support for families with children under three years old [4][17] - The total number of childcare service institutions has reached 126,000, with a total capacity of 6.657 million, exceeding the target set in the 14th Five-Year Plan [4][17] Group 2: Education Resource Allocation - Changes in the birth population and demographic structure will significantly impact education, healthcare, and social welfare policies [2][19] - The conference proposed adjustments to education resource allocation, including increasing high school enrollment and expanding quality undergraduate admissions [6][20] - In 2024, the number of high school enrollments is projected to exceed 10.36 million, marking a significant increase from the previous year [21] Group 3: Fiscal Policy Adjustments - The conference highlighted the need to optimize fiscal expenditure structures, particularly in education, healthcare, and elderly care, while addressing local fiscal challenges [9][23] - Central government transfers to local governments are projected to reach 1,034.15 billion yuan in 2025, reflecting an 8.4% increase [23] - The implementation of free preschool education will cover all kindergarten children nationwide, benefiting approximately 12 million children [10][24]