山河永念！悼南京大屠杀死难同胞

Core Viewpoint - The article commemorates the victims of the Nanjing Massacre, emphasizing the importance of remembering history to prevent similar tragedies from occurring in the future [3][6][9]. Group 1: Historical Context - The Nanjing Massacre occurred on December 13, 1937, when Japanese troops invaded Nanjing, resulting in the deaths of over 300,000 Chinese civilians [3]. - This event is recognized as one of the three major atrocities of World War II and is considered a significant crime against humanity [3]. Group 2: Personal Accounts - Survivor Li Daohua recounts his family's harrowing experiences during the massacre, highlighting the brutality of the Japanese soldiers and the impact on his family [11][12][18]. - American missionary John Magee describes the horror he witnessed during the massacre, noting the indifference of Japanese soldiers towards their victims [20][22]. - Writer Wang Huo shares his experiences as a journalist covering the Nanjing Massacre, emphasizing the importance of documenting these events for future generations [32][34][35]. Group 3: International Response - John Rabe, a German businessman, played a crucial role in establishing the Nanjing Safety Zone, which protected approximately 250,000 Chinese refugees during the massacre [24][45]. - Rabe's efforts were recognized post-war, as he faced persecution for his actions, but he remained a symbol of humanitarianism [47][48]. Group 4: Commemoration and Education - The Nanjing Massacre Memorial Hall has received over 150 million visitors since its opening in 1985, serving as a site for education and remembrance [51][52]. - Visitors often leave messages reflecting on themes of history, peace, and national pride, indicating a collective desire to remember and learn from the past [52].