立路牌清路障筑牢制度基石

Core Viewpoint - The construction of a unified national market in China requires substantial institutional reforms and cannot rely solely on spontaneous order to achieve a truly unified market [1][2]. Group 1: Institutional Challenges - The current market in China has not yet formed a genuine "national unified market," which is essential for maximizing the potential of the country's vast market [2]. - The complexity of economic and social relationships necessitates a robust legal framework to regulate various interests, as seen in international examples like the EU and Japan [3]. - Since the issuance of the "Opinions on Accelerating the Construction of a National Unified Market" in 2022, significant progress has been made, including the introduction of various regulations aimed at promoting fair competition and addressing long-standing issues [4]. Group 2: Market Fragmentation and Local Protectionism - Despite progress, local protectionism and market fragmentation remain significant challenges, driven by local government performance evaluation systems that prioritize local economic metrics [6][7]. - The existing fiscal and statistical systems do not fully align with the requirements of a unified national market, leading to resource retention within local jurisdictions [7]. - Regulatory gaps in emerging sectors, such as the low-altitude economy, hinder market vitality and increase operational costs for businesses [8]. Group 3: Standardization Issues - The coexistence of national, industry, and local standards creates barriers to market entry and complicates compliance for businesses [9]. - Efforts to unify standards are ongoing, but discrepancies between international and domestic standards continue to impose additional costs on businesses [9]. Group 4: Policy Implementation and Effectiveness - The challenge lies in balancing effective market operations with government oversight, requiring a clear legal framework to regulate local government actions [10]. - There is a need for a systematic approach to reform local government performance evaluation systems to align with the goals of a unified national market [11]. - Ensuring the effective implementation of policies and regulations is crucial, with a focus on avoiding superficial compliance and ensuring that local interpretations of laws are consistent [12].