又一反华国家出现？官宣对华加关税，外交部回应，恐步入美国后路

Core Viewpoint - Mexico's Congress has rapidly passed a tariff law that will impose tariffs of up to 50% on goods from several Asian countries, including China and South Korea, starting January 1, 2026, aiming to protect local industries and jobs while potentially responding to U.S. pressures [2][4][10]. Group 1: Tariff Law Details - The tariff law covers 1,463 product categories across 17 industries, including automotive parts, textiles, and plastics, with a tiered tax structure: raw materials at 10%-15%, semi-finished products at 20%-35%, and finished products at 35%-50%, with light vehicles taxed at the maximum rate of 50% [10][12]. - The proposal underwent over 750 revisions before passing, with 302 products exempted from tariffs, indicating significant governmental negotiation and adjustment [12][14]. Group 2: Economic Implications - The Mexican government claims the tariffs will strengthen local industry competitiveness and protect 325,000 jobs, projecting an additional revenue of $3.76 billion by 2026 [14][16]. - However, the law has raised concerns among Mexican businesses, with industry leaders warning that the tariffs could hinder technological development, disrupt supply chains, and increase costs for consumers [25][29][31]. Group 3: International Reactions - China's Ministry of Commerce has criticized the tariffs as unilateral and protectionist, indicating that they will closely monitor the situation and assess the impact on trade [21][23]. - The U.S. has not clearly indicated any benefits for Mexico following this tariff move, leading to speculation about Mexico's motivations and the potential for economic repercussions [33][36]. Group 4: Historical Context and Future Outlook - The article draws parallels with the U.S. experience of imposing tariffs, which led to significant cost increases for American consumers, suggesting that Mexico may face similar challenges [40][42]. - The OECD has noted that previous U.S. tariffs have already slowed Mexico's economic growth, and the new tariffs could further weaken Mexico's international competitiveness [46][48].